Phonetics Practice

Vowels

1	Unrounded	Unrounded	Unrounded
1	Front	Central	Back
Close
Near- Close
Close- Mid
Open- Mid
Near- Open
Open

Diphthongs:

eⁱ

əⁱ

ʌⁱ

ɔⁱ

ɛᵊ

æᵘ

ɑ̈ᵘ

oᵘ

əᶶ

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Notes on central vowels:

While the rest of the chart is in IPA, we have followed the Americanist Phonetic Alphabet (APA)) in using < ʌ > for the near-open central unrounded vowel; it is common in the literature and easier to draw and recognise than the IPA character < ɐ >. (The IPA uses < ʌ > for the open-mid back unrounded vowel, which is a less common phone in the languages of the world).

Rather than create a whole ‘mid’ row for [ə] alone (as in the IPA), we have displayed it in the close-mid central unrounded vowel cell. This has meant that the IPA’s close-mid central unrounded vowel [ɘ] has had to be moved up, and is displayed here in the near-close central unrounded vowel cell.

The APA uses < a > for open front OR central unrounded vowels, and < ɑ > for open central OR back vowels. We have followed the IPA’s use of < a > for front only and < ɑ > for back only. In the absence of an IPA character for the open central unrounded vowel (as in British ‘father’) we suggest < ä > or < ɑ̈ >.

Consonants

		Bilabial	Labiodental	Dental	Alveolar	Postalveolar	Alveolopalatal	Retroflex	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Pharyngeal	Glottal
Plosives
Plosives	Voiceless Aspirated
	Voiceless
	Voiced
	Voiced Aspirated
Ejectives	Voiceless
Implosives	Voiced
Affricates
Affricates	Voiceless
Affricates	Voiced
Grooved Affricates	Voiceless Aspirated
	Voiceless
	Voiced
Fricatives
Fricatives	Voiceless
Fricatives	Voiced
Grooved Fricatives	Voiceless
Grooved Fricatives	Voiced
Nasals
Nasals	Voiceless
Nasals	Voiced
Laterals
Laterals	Voiced
Laterals	Voiced Velarised
Lateral Fricatives	Voiceless
Lateral Fricatives	Voiced
Lateral Affricates	Voiceless
Lateral Affricates	Voiced
Vibrants
Flaps	Voiceless
Flaps	Voiced
Trills	Voiceless
Trills	Voiced
Approximants
Approximants	Voiced

Word Lists

Word List A	Word List B	Word List C
1. [ˈhʌzbənd]	1. [ˈtuʔəʔ]	1. [tɨ]
2. [klɒθs]	2. [faɾˈdɑ]	2. [moˈt͜sʰɨt͜sʰɨ]
3. [ˈfæstəɹ]	3. [kɛᵊs]	3. [ˈytni]
4. [fit]	4. [ˈtʌpʌːmːɛ]	4. [ˈkɯʒi]
5. [spɔɹt]	5. [ˈsʌtːʰu]	5. [ɟɔɟ]
6. [bɛʃ]	6. [sɑ̃ ]	6. [ˈzʌt͜sɯzi]
7. [tʃʌmp]	7. [ˈnũʔʌ̃ ]	7. [ˈɛːnɯː.ɛ]
8. [pʊk]	8. [ʔɛɬˈʔipa]	8. [ɸeⁱˈco]
9. [ˈtʰʌⁱmɪŋ]	9. [ɬʌˈnɛɬi]	9. [ˈcʌŋwʌ]
10. [ˈpɛli]	10. [ˈʎipəʎi]	10. [kɑtχ]
11. [ˈpɛːli]	11. [n̩ˈdʒɔm]	11. [saˈlɑ̃m ˈχubi]
12. [kʰɔⁱɫ]	12. [ˈmʌɲʌ]	12. [ˈχodɑfez̥]
13. [ʔɛnd]	13. [ʌⁱˈroð]	13. [ˈxɔfʊ]
14. [ʔɛᵊnd]	14. [ʔeˈkol]	14. [foːɾˈbeⁱˌχɑŋəɾ]
15. [ˈteⁱɾəd̥̚]	15. [ˈʎaβe]	15. [ˈqɑʎu]
16. [ˈpæskəʔpɑɫ]	16. [ʔəˈboᵘtʰ]	16. [ˈmʌɭːʌm]
17. [ˌbɒʔʊɫəvˈbʊblɪ]	17. [maː loᵘʔ]	17. [ˈpaʈaɳi]
18. [ˈlɒʔjɔˈkʰawɛnjʉˌpʰaʔd̪ɛh]	18. [boˈðeɣa]	18. [ˈɖoko]
19. [ˈzdɹɛmɔʒ]	19. [tʃiˈtaːɾe]	19. [ʂɔⁱ]
20. [ŋʌmfˈnʊθ]	20. [loˈʔõ]	20. [km̩ˈpʰɛᵊ]
21. [ˈzləvpʰɹ̥ʌkstʃ]	21. [βɛx]	21. [ˈkokobɑ]
22. [ˈəmhəʒɫɒ]	22. [ˈɸiɣi]	22. [leⁱ hoᵘʔ]